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Important Sites in India

Sno	Place	City/State
1	Ajanta	Aurangabad
2	Akbar's Tomb	Sikandara
3	Ambernath Cave	Kashmir
4	Amber Palace	Jaipur
5	Anand Bhavan	Allahabad
6	Bhakra Dam	Punjab
7	Birla Planetarium	Kolkata
8	Black Pagoda	Konark (Orissa)
9	Bodhisattva	Ajanta Caves
10	Brihadeeswara Temple	Tanjore
11	Brindavan Gardens	Mysore (Karnataka)
12	Buland Darwaza	Fatepur Sikri
13	Charminar	Hyderabad
14	Chenna Kesava Temple	Belur
15	Chilka Lame	Near Bhubaneswar
16	Dal Lake	Srinagar
17	Dilwara Temples	Mt. Abu
18	Elephanta Caves	Mumbai
19	Golden Temple	Amirtsar
20	Gol Gumbaz	Bijapur
21	Hanging Gardens	Mumbai
22	Hawa Mahal (Palace of Winds)	Jaipur
23	Howrah Bridge	Kolkata
24	Island Palace	Udaipur
25	Itmad-ud-Daulah's Tomb	Agra
26	Jagannath Temple	Puri
27	Jama Masjid	Delhi
28	Jantar Mantar	Delhi
29	Jog (Geresoppa) Falls	Mysore
30	Kailasanath Temples	Ellora
31	Kanyakumari Temples	Cape Comorin
32	Khajuraho	Bhopal
33	Konark	Puri
34	Lal Bagh Gardens	Bangalore
35	Mahakaleeswar Temple	Ujjain
36	Mahesuramurthi (Trimurti)	Elephanta Caves
37	Malabar Hills	Mumbai
38	Manmandir Palace	Gwalior Fort
39	Marble Rocks	Jabalpur
40	Marina Beach	Chennai
41	Meenakshi Temple	Madurai
42	Padmanabha Temple	Trivandrum
43	Panch Mahal	Fatepur Sikri
44	Tower of Fame	Chittorgarh

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Nick Names of Important Indian Places

SNo	Nick name	Place
1	Golden City	Amritsar
2	Manchester of India	Ahmedabad
3	City of Seven islands	Mumbai
4	Queen of Arabian Sea	Cochin
5	Space City	Bangalore
6	Garden City of India	Bangalore
7	Silicon Valley of India	Bangalore
8	Electronic city of India	Bangalore
9	Pink city	Jaipur
10	Gateway of India	Mumbai
11	Twin city	Hyderabad - Sikandarabad
12	City of festivals	Madurai
13	Deccan Queen	Pune
14	City of Buildings	Kolkata
15	Dakshin Ganga	Godavari
16	Old Ganga	Godavari
17	Egg bowls of Asia	Andhra Pradesh
18	Soya region	Madhya Pradesh
19	Manchester of the South	Coimbatore
20	City of Nawabs	Lucknow
21	Venice of the east	Cochin
22	Sorrow of Bengal	Damodar river
23	Sorrow of Bihar	Kosi river
24	Blue Mountains	Nilgiri
25	Queen of the Mountains	Mussoorie (Uttaranchal)
26	Sacred river	Ganga
27	Hollywood of India	Mumbai
28	City of Castles	Kolkata
29	State of five rivers	Punjab
30	City of weavers	Panipat
31	City of lakes	Srinagar
32	Steel city of India	Jamshedpur (Called Tatanagar)
33	City of temples	Varanasi
34	Manchester of the north	Kanpur
35	City of Rallies	New Delhi
36	Heaven of India	Jammu & Kashmir
37	Boston of India	Ahmedabad
38	Garden of spices of India	Kerala
39	Switzerland of India	Kashmir
40	Abode of the God	Prayag (Allahabad)
41	Pittsburg of India	Jamshedpur

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Representation of States and Union Territories

SNo	State / UTs	Lok Sabha	Rajya Sabha
1	Andhra Pradesh	42	18
2	Arunachal Pradesh	2	1
3	Assam	14	7
4	Bihar	40	16
5	Jharkhand	14	6
6	Goa	2	1
7	Gujarat	26	11
8	Haryana	10	5
9	Himachal Pradesh	4	3
10	Jammu & Kashmir	6	4
11	Karnataka	28	12
12	Kerala	20	9
13	Madhya Pradesh	29	11
14	Chattisgarh	11	5
15	Maharashtra	48	19
16	Manipur	2	1
17	Meghalaya	2	1
18	Mizoram	1	1
19	Nagaland	1	1
20	Orissa	21	10
21	Punjab	13	7
22	Rajasthan	25	10
23	Sikkim	1	1
24	Tamil Nadu	39	18
25	Tripura	2	1
26	Uttar Pradesh	80	31
27	Uttaranchal	5	3
28	West Bengal	42	16
29	Andaman & Nicobar	1	-
30	Chandigarh	1	-
31	Dadra & Nagar Haveli	1	-
32	Daman & Diu	1	-
33	Delhi	7	3
34	Lakshadweep	1	-
35	Pondicherry	1	1

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World Athletics Records Women

S.No Athlete Name Nation Event Time Place Date 1 Florence G.Joyner USA 100M 10.49 Indianapolis 7/16/1988 2 Florence G.Joyner USA 200M 21.34 Seoul 9/29/1988 3 Marita Koch GDR 400M 47.6 Canberra 6/10/1985 4 Jarmila Kratochvilova TCH 800M 01:53.3 Munchen 7/26/1983 5 Yunxia Qu CHN 1500M 03:50.5 Beijing 11/9/1993 6 Elvan Abeylegesse TUR 5000M 14:24.7 Bergen 11/6/2004 7 Junxia Wang CHN 10,000M 29:31.8 Beijing 8/9/1993 8 Gulnara Samitova RUS 3000M STEEPLECHASE 09:01.6 Iraklio 4/7/2004 9 Yordanka Donkova BUL 100M HURDLES 12.21 Stara Zagora 8/20/1988 10 Yuliya Pechenkina RUS 400M HURDLES 52.34 Tula 8/8/2003 11 Stefka Kostadinova BUL HIGH JUMP 2.09 Roma 8/30/1987 12 Yelena Isinbayeva RUS POLE VAULT 4.92 Bruxelles 3/9/2004 13 Galina Chistyakova URS LONG JUMP 752 Leningrad 11/6/1988 14 Inessa Kravets UKR TRIPLE JUMP 15.5 Goteborg 10/8/1995 15 Natalya Lisovskaya URS SHOT PUT 22.63 Moskva 7/6/1987 16 Gabriele Reinsch GDR DISCUS 76.8 Neubran denburg 9/7/1988 17 Mihaela Melinte ROM HAMMER 76.07 Rudlingen 8/29/1999 18 Osleidys Menendez CUB JAVELIN 71.54 Rethimno 1/7/2001 19 Jackie Joyner-Kersee USA HEPTATHLON 7291 Seoul 9/24/1988 20 Nadezhda Ryashkina URS 10 KM RACE WALKING 41:56.2 Seattle, WA 7/24/1990 21 Olimpiada Ivanova RUS 20KM WALK 26:52.3 Brisbane 6/9/2001

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World Athletics Records Men

S.No	Athlete Name	Nation	Event	Time	Place	Date
1	Tim Montgomery	USA	100m	9.78	Paris	9/14/2002
2	Michael Johnson	USA	200m	19.32	Atlanta, Ga	1/8/1996
3	Michael Johnson	USA	400m	43.18	Sevilla	8/26/1999
4	Wilson Kipketer	DEN	800m	01:41.1	Koln	8/24/1997
5	Hicham El Guerrouj	MAR	1500m	03:26.0	Roma	7/14/1998
6	Kenenisa Bekele	ETH	5000m	12:37.4	Hengelo	5/31/2004
7	Kenenisa Bekele	ETH	10,000m	26.20.3	Ostrava	8/6/2004
8	Saif Saaeed Shaheen	QAT	3000m Steeple Chase	07:53.6	Bruxelles	3/9/2004
9	Colin Jackson	GBR	110m Hurdles	12.91	Stuttgart	8/20/1993
10	Xiang Liu	CHN	110m Hurdles	12.91	Athina	8/27/2004
11	Kevin Young	USA	400m Hurdles	46.78	Barcelona	6/8/1992
12	Javier Sotomayor	CUB	High Jump	2.45	Salamanca	7/27/1993
13	Sergey Bubka	UKR	Pole Vault	6.14	Sestriere	7/31/1994
14	Mike Powell	USA	Long Jump	8.95	Tokyo	8/30/1991
15	Jonathan Edwards	GBR	Triple Jump	18.29	Goteborg	7/8/1996
16	Randy Barnes	USA	Short Put	23.12	Westwood	5/20/1990
18	Jurgen Schult	GDR	Discus	74.08	Neubranden Burg	6/6/1986
19	Yuriy Sedykh	RUS	Hammer	86.74	Stuttgart	8/30/1986
20	Jan Zelezny	CZE	Javelin	98.48	Jena	5/25/1996
21	Roman Sebrle	CZE	Decathlon	9026	Gotzis	5/27/2001
22	Bernardo Segura	MEX	20 km Race Walking	17:25.6	Bergen	7/5/1994
23	Thierry Toutain	FRA	50 km Race Walking	40:57.9	Hericourt	9/29/1996
24	Paul Tergat	KEN	Marathon	2:04:55	Berlin	9/28/2003

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Sports

Field	Person
The first Indian woman to swim across the English Channel	Miss. Arati Shah
The first Indian to win world Billiards Trophy	Wilson Jones
The first to cross the Damelles by swimming	Mihir Sen
The first to conquer Everest	Sherpa Tenzing (1953)
The first to sail round the world	Megellan
The first person to win Wimbledon title five times	Bjorn Borg
The first woman who conquered Everest	Jungo Table (Japan)
The first person to reach North Pole	Robert Peary
First woman Olympic Medallist (Weight Lifting)	Karnam Malleswari (2000)
The first person to reach South Pole	Amundsen
The first Indian to win All England Badminton Championship	Prakash Padukone
The first Indian woman to conquer Everest	Bichendri Pal
The first an to climb Everest twice	Nawang Gombu
The first person to complete solo walk to magnetic North pole	David Hempleman Adam (UK)
The first woman to reach North pole	Ann Bancroft
The first woman to sail non stop around the world alone	Kaycottee
The first deaf & dumb to cross the strait of Gibraltar	Taranath Shenoy (India)
The first woman to climb Mt. Everest twice	Santosh Yadav (India)
The first black player to win the Wimbledon men's singles title	Arthur Ashe (US)
The first person to win the Palk Strait ocean swimming contest	Baidyanath

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Indias Dream Launch PSLV C7

India’s Dream Launch of PSLV-C7 The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) added yet another achievement to its list by the successful launch of the PSLV-C7 from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre at Sriharikota on January 10, 2007. The four-stage, 44 metre tall Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV-C7) which weighs 295 tonnes took off on the dot at 9.23 a.m. from its beachside launch pad and injected four satellites into precise orbit. This is the PSLV`s ninth consecutive successful launch. Of the four satellites two satellites belong to India and two are from abroad. The satellites from abroad are LAPAN-TUBSAT, a joint venture of Indonesia and the Technical University of Berlin and the PEHUENSAT-1 of Argentina. Dr. B.N.Suresh, Director, Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre (VSSC), Thiruvananthapuram, which built PSLV-C7, said, “Four satellites being injected into orbit with the same vehicle is a unique experience for us”. This multi-mission launch is going to be a technological challenge for ISRO as it attempts to deorbit one of the satellites and bring it back to earth on January 22, 2007. The satellite called the Space Capsule Recovery Experiment (SRE) will stay in orbit for 11 days and thereafter fall into the Bay of Bengal from where it will be recovered. This challenging job will be headed by Project Director, Mr. A.Subramoniam. “Right now, I feel that my job has just started. I am looking forward to January 22, 2007 morning when the SRE will be recovered”, Mr. Subramoniam said. ISRO`s Cartosat-2 is for mapping purposes and its SRE will be a forerunner to the ISRO mastering the re-entry, recoverable and re-usable launch vehicle technologies. During its stay in orbit the two payloads on board the SRE will help conduct experiments in micro-gravity. The 555 kilogram SRE is coated with thermal tiles to prevent it from burning up when it re-enters the earth’s atmosphere. After it re-enters the atmosphere, about 5 km above the Bay of Bengal, three parachutes in the SRE will open up one after another. First, the pilot chute will pull out the drogue chute, which will deploy, and then the main chute will deploy. The main chute will slow down the descent of the SRE and it will ultimately splash down into the Bay of Bengal, about 140 km east of Sriharikota island. A floatation system will keep it afloat and dye markers will make it visible. The Coast Guard will recover it. The entire process involves a lot of precision as the SRE should be de-orbited in the right direction and should be given the right incremental velocity. It should re-enter the atmosphere without burning up. According to the ISRO Chairman, Mr. G. Madhavan Nair, “There are a lot of technological challenges in bringing back an orbiting satellite because we are doing it for the first time”. Besides the technology of bringing to the SRE back to earth in a sequential manner, the PSLV-C7 has also used Dual Launch Adopter (DLA), a device to launch four satellites for the first time. It also used for the first time a video-imaging system on board to take pictures of the separation of the first three satellites from the fourth stage of the rocket. According to Mr. M. Krishnaswamy, Project Director, Cartosat-2, the satellite`s images could be used in town and rural planning as well as in road and drainage alignment. It could also be used in studying the passage of communication lines. The PSLV-C7 has been built at a cost of Rs.80 crore. The Cartosat-2 cost Rs.180 crore and the SRE Rs.30 crore. After the setback in July 2006 when Geosynchronous Space Launch Vehicle (GSLV) failed, the success of PSLV is a great morale booster. However, it goes without saying that India has a long way to go before it finds itself a place in the world space launch market. The Missile Technology Control Regime embargo on India’s space and military rocket programmes debars an Indian rocket to launch any American satellite, or one with US components. According to an official dealing with the issue a joint working group would hold a meeting in Washington in February, 2007 to get this embargo lifted under the Next Steps in Strategic Partnership negotiations. Moreover, countries like Russia, the United States, the European Union or Japan are far more developed in space launch vehicle technology. We compare well with the Chinese Long March CZ4B series when it comes to hoisting satellites to a Low Earth Orbit to about 2,000 kms. But so far as geosynchronous orbits of 36,000 kms used for communication satellites for beaming. PSLV Chronology Launch Vehicle Date of Launch PSLV-D1 Sept. 20, 1993 PSLV-D2 Oct. 15, 1994 PSLV-D3 Mar. 21, 1996 PSLV-C1 Sept. 29, 1997 PSLV-C2 May 26, 1999 PSLV-C3 Oct. 22, 2001 PSLV-C4 Sept. 12, 2002 PSLV-C5 Oct. 17, 2003 PSLV-C6 May 5, 2005 PSLV-C7 Jan. 10, 2007 TV programmes or relaying telephone calls are concerned we are far behind. The success of PSLV cannot fill the void created by the failure of GSLV.

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